{"id":854,"date":"2017-04-28T13:29:40","date_gmt":"2017-04-28T13:29:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/?p=854"},"modified":"2017-05-01T13:30:08","modified_gmt":"2017-05-01T13:30:08","slug":"same-course-different-outcomes-computerized-developmental-math-tennessee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/same-course-different-outcomes-computerized-developmental-math-tennessee\/","title":{"rendered":"Same Course, Different Outcomes: The Mysterious Case of Computerized Developmental Math in Tennessee"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Same Course, Different Outcomes: The Mysterious Case of Computerized Developmental Math in Tennessee<\/h1>\n<p>By Maggie P. Fay<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1099\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" src=\"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/students-computer-classroom.jpg\" alt=\"Students in a computer-mediated math classroom\" width=\"1200\" height=\"540\" \/><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 30px 0px 40px 0px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 20px; font-size: 70%;\"><em>There\u2019s exciting new research on the promise and perils of integrating technology into developmental math instruction at community colleges. In the post below, Maggie Fay discusses lessons learned from SAILS, a computer-mediated developmental math program implemented at high schools and community colleges in Tennessee. ModMath, a similar program at a community college in Texas, incorporates some of the lessons learned from SAILS. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mdrc.org\/publication\/their-own-pace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MDRC\u2019s rigorous evaluation of ModMath<\/a> finds mixed results after one semester, but a follow-up report in 2018 will illuminate the longer-term impact of the program. ModMath and the blog post below can provide useful implementation lessons for those seeking to improve students\u2019 developmental math outcomes.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;\"><em>This post originally ran on the <a href=\"http:\/\/er.educause.edu\/blogs\/2017\/4\/same-course-different-outcomes-the-mysterious-case-of-computerized-developmental-math-in-tennessee\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Transforming Higher Ed blog<\/a> on <a href=\"http:\/\/er.educause.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Educause Review<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>A few years ago, Tennessee math teachers faced a puzzle. Why was remedial math taught by computer successfully helping high school students get ready for college when the exact same course at the community college wasn\u2019t working?<\/p>\n<p>Since 2012, the state of Tennessee has offered a computer-mediated developmental math course to high school seniors who scored below college-ready benchmarks. The course, called SAILS math, was identical\u2014in both content and delivery model\u2014to the developmental math curriculum in Tennessee community colleges (though Tennessee community colleges have since moved to a corequisite remediation model).<\/p>\n<p>Though the courses were the same, high school students <a href=\"http:\/\/ccrc.tc.columbia.edu\/publications\/computer-mediated-developmental-math-courses-tn-high-schools-community-colleges.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">finished the course at much higher rates<\/a>. They were between 14 and 29 percentage points more likely than college students to complete the course with a passing grade in a single semester.<\/p>\n<h2>Remedial Coursework in College: The Bermuda Triangle of Higher Education<\/h2>\n<p>In the past several years, the problem of college-readiness\u2014recent high school graduates heading off to college only to discover that they are not prepared to do college-level work in math and\/or English\u2014has drawn increasing attention nationwide. Students who are not college-ready are required to take remedial (also called developmental) courses in college, which are designed to help them develop foundational knowledge to succeed in college classes. Remedial courses have very low pass rates nationally. Students may <a href=\"http:\/\/ccrc.tc.columbia.edu\/publications\/referral-enrollment-completion-developmental-education.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">take these courses multiple times before passing them, or become discouraged and drop out of college altogether<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>For this reason, remedial education is referred to as the \u2018Bermuda Triangle\u2019 of higher education. Students go in, but many never come out. Remedial mathematics is particularly problematic. A large proportion of students are required to take remedial math courses, but <a href=\"http:\/\/ccrc.tc.columbia.edu\/publications\/referral-enrollment-completion-developmental-education.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">only a third of these students<\/a> are able to complete the entire developmental sequence and move on to college-level work.<\/p>\n<h2>Computers to the Rescue! Or, Maybe Not\u2026<\/h2>\n<p>To help students spend less time completing remedial requirements in math and to improve pass rates in these courses, many community colleges have implemented math courses that use computer software to do the teaching.<\/p>\n<p>These courses are \u2018individualized\u2019 and \u2018self-paced,\u2019 to allow students to spend more time on topics where they are weakest, and not waste time sitting through lectures and completing assignments on topics that they already know. Despite the promising theory behind these courses, outcomes are disappointing. <a href=\"http:\/\/ccrc.tc.columbia.edu\/publications\/modularization-developmental-mathematics-two-states.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">My research for the Community College Research Center<\/a> (CCRC) showed that many students made slow or no progress moving through the remedial math curriculum in these courses.<\/p>\n<h2>A Pitfall of the \u2018Individualized\u2019 Nature of Computer-Mediated Instruction<\/h2>\n<p>Why would a course designed to promote faster student progress seem to result in the opposite? One thing that came up repeatedly in interviews with college students in computer-mediated remedial math classes was that they procrastinated and fell behind, often resulting in failing the course.<\/p>\n<p>The dark side of \u2018individualization\u2019 in computer-mediated courses is that they place the onus on the student to be a self-regulated learner\u2014someone who is able to complete assignments without strict deadlines or the prodding of an instructor. As the college student outcomes suggest, though, the developmental students in community colleges may not have the academic self-regulation to succeed in these courses.<\/p>\n<p>So what was happening in the high schools that enabled computer-mediated courses to meet the goal of accelerating student progress through remedial math? After conducting <a href=\"http:\/\/ccrc.tc.columbia.edu\/publications\/computer-mediated-developmental-math-courses-tn-high-schools-community-colleges.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">research in Tennessee community colleges and high schools<\/a>, I came to the conclusion that institutional context\u2014specifically, institutional expectations for student academic self-regulation\u2014has a significant impact of the effectiveness of computer-mediated courses. While colleges tend to assume a high level of student independence and self-regulation, high schools do not. High schools operate under the assumption that students will not do the work if left to their own devices, and put in place structures and practices that provide stricter oversight and accountability. This more proactive and active management of student work, it turns out, helps students do better in computer-mediated courses.<\/p>\n<p>What lessons can we use from this insight into the puzzle? For starters, computer-mediated developmental courses in math may have stronger outcomes if offered in high school rather than college. The institutional and cultural features of high schools more effectively support the goals, i.e. faster completion of developmental math requirements, of these courses.<\/p>\n<p>But the lessons can also be applied to college-level courses. Students with weak proficiency in math and\/or poor academic self-regulation will be more successful in computer-mediated courses that include strong structures to bolster student motivation, and create accountability for meeting course deadlines. Tweaking a computerized course to add more structure and clearer demands can push students to make it to the finish line.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maggie Fay of CCRC discusses lessons learned from SAILS, a computer-mediated developmental math program implemented at high schools and community colleges in Tennessee.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":855,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[3],"tags":[11,91,7,92,93,94,95,96,97],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Same Course, Different Outcomes: The Mysterious Case of Computerized Developmental Math in Tennessee - Center for the Analysis of Postsecondary Readiness<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Same Course, Different Outcomes: The Mysterious Case of Computerized Developmental Math in Tennessee - 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