{"id":1429,"date":"2017-08-24T10:54:13","date_gmt":"2017-08-24T14:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/?p=1429"},"modified":"2017-08-24T11:11:53","modified_gmt":"2017-08-24T15:11:53","slug":"how-developmental-education-policy-gets-done","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/how-developmental-education-policy-gets-done\/","title":{"rendered":"How Developmental Education Policy Gets Done"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>How Developmental Education Policy Gets Done<\/h1>\n<p>By Elizabeth Ganga<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1432\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" src=\"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating.jpg\" alt=\"policymakers collaborating\" width=\"1200\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-200x108.jpg 200w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-400x217.jpg 400w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-600x325.jpg 600w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-768x416.jpg 768w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-800x433.jpg 800w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating-1024x555.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/policymakers-collaborating.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The theme of CAPR\u2019s annual meeting this summer was bridging research and policy, and we were lucky to have leaders of policy organizations that work with state legislatures and higher education systems there to tell us what that process looks like on the ground.<\/p>\n<p>As a research organization, we do our best to put out important findings and make sure they become part of the conversation in higher education circles. But we don\u2019t always know how they are received and used by policymakers\u2014and, more importantly, how we can help the policymaking process lead to better results for students and colleges.<\/p>\n<p>A discussion between CAPR\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/postsecondaryreadiness.org\/dev\/about\/research-staff\/nikki-edgecombe\/\">Nikki Edgecombe<\/a>, Dustin Weeden of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Conference of State Legislatures<\/a> (NCSL), and Christina Whitfield of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sheeo.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">State Higher Education Executive Officers Association<\/a> (SHEEO) turned up some valuable insights for people working to reform higher education and developmental education in particular.<\/p>\n<h2>The impetus for reform<\/h2>\n<p>Debates around college readiness in the Common Core standards, overall college preparation among high school graduates, and the desire for more college graduates are contributing to a growing interest in developmental education reform efforts, so accessible evidence is needed more than ever. Money concerns are also putting dev ed in the spotlight. Legislators wonder why students aren\u2019t completing degrees they\u2019re paying for, and they and college systems are searching for efficiencies in times of tight budgets. Policymakers also react to the sometimes shocking numbers of students in remedial courses. And system officials realize that if they don\u2019t initiate reforms, they may be forced into changes they don\u2019t particularly like, said Whitfield, associate vice president at SHEEO.<\/p>\n<h2>Who drives reform, and how can research help?<\/h2>\n<p>The locus of reform is different in different states. In some states it is college systems, governing boards, or individual campuses that are leading the charge. In others, like Florida, the legislature is heavily involved. But few state lawmakers have had time to read up on the fine points of education policy or research. A huge percentage of state legislators have only been in the job for a couple of years, said Weeden, NCSL\u2019s senior policy specialist.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey are not higher education experts,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>For that reason, legislative staff members play an especially important role. And in states with only a couple of higher education staff members, legislators and staff turn to groups such as NCSL for expert advice, Weeden said. Groups such as NCSL and SHEEO that follow legislation and aggregate research can help bridge the gap between researchers and policymakers.<\/p>\n<p>In states where the legislature has taken an interest in developmental education, the push often comes from a single legislator: The legislator has heard there\u2019s a problem with dev ed and sets off in search of solutions, Weeden said. Or a legislator hears about reforms in another state in the news or through groups like Complete College America, and starts with the solution in mind.<\/p>\n<p>This is one situation where data and evidence come in. They can influence the process by helping people more clearly see the potential effects of proposed policies, and can be used to build support for proposals or to knock them down if they\u2019re a bad idea.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI have a colleague who calls it \u2018legislative whack-a-mole,\u2019\u201d Whitfield said.<\/p>\n<h2>The importance of timing<\/h2>\n<p>In some states such as Texas, where the legislature is in session for about five months every other year, there\u2019s a small window of time for legislators to get something done. Term limits can also add to the urgency.<\/p>\n<p>That time pressure can present a real problem for researchers, who might not feel comfortable advocating for something without rigorous research into outcomes. Weeden encouraged the researchers at the CAPR meeting to go ahead and make a recommendation if they feel that it will be better than the existing policy or better than an idea under consideration\u2014or to argue against a bad idea.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEvidence about what doesn\u2019t work is really powerful and can change a lot of minds,\u201d Weeden said.<\/p>\n<h2>Communicating the research and its implications<\/h2>\n<p>Researchers need to stay engaged as the evidence base grows, said CAPR Director Thomas Bailey. And they also need to be careful about how they frame a problem. The argument that developmental education was costing large amounts of money led Florida legislators to cut the budget once reforms reduced the number of developmental students. The part legislators didn\u2019t get was that those students were still using resources in other parts of the college, either by taking college-level courses or by using other support services to help them catch up.<\/p>\n<p>Clearly communicating the results of the research is a perennial challenge\u2014making sure both that the right people know the research exists and that it is communicated in a way that\u2019s accessible to policymakers without research backgrounds.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAre you really using language that the legislators will understand?\u201d Whitfield asked.<\/p>\n<h2>Closing thoughts<\/h2>\n<p>Despite the challenges, researchers and policymakers both need to do their part to make sure policy is grounded in evidence so students\u2019 lives are not disrupted with weak or wrongheaded reforms. Developmental education reform is happening, so even if the evidence is imperfect, it\u2019s critical that researchers find better ways to get it out to policymakers so they aren\u2019t operating in the dark.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; background-color: #f6f6f6; margin: 40px 0px 20px 0px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 20px; font-size: 70%;\"><em>Elizabeth Ganga is a communications specialist at the Community College Research Center (CCRC).<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At CAPR&#8217;s annual meeting on June 29, a discussion between CAPR\u2019s Nikki Edgecombe, Dustin Weeden of the National Conference of State Legislatures, and Christina Whitfield of the State Higher Education Executive Officers Association turned up valuable insights for higher education reformers. CCRC Communications Specialist Elizabeth Ganga highlights the main points from this session.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[3],"tags":[128,7,126,130,127,17,129,102],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Developmental Education Policy Gets Done - Center for the Analysis of Postsecondary Readiness<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Highlights from a discussion between CAPR\u2019s Nikki Edgecombe, Dustin Weeden of NCSL, and Christina Whitfield of SHEEO at CAPR&#039;s annual meeting on June 29.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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